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What is Torah?

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If you've heard the word Torah and immediately thought "rules," "legalism," or "the law," you're not alone.

The Hebrew word Torah simply means instruction or teaching. It describes God's loving instruction for His people—not a way to earn salvation, but a guide for walking in covenant with Him. Long before Sinai, God's people were already living by His instruction. Throughout Scripture, Torah reveals His character, defines sin, and points us toward a life that honors Him.

Now...

Let's open our Bibles and see what Scripture actually says.

Key Scriptures

Genesis 26:5

Abraham obeyed God's voice before Sinai.

Exodus 20

The giving of the Ten Commandments.

Psalm 119

David's love for God's instruction.

Matthew 5:17–19

Yeshua on the Law and the Prophets.

Romans 3:31

"Do we then make void the law through faith? God forbid..."

1 John 5:3

Loving God is expressed through keeping His commandments.

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Before we jump to conclusions, let's ask a few questions.

Who is speaking?

Who are they speaking to?

What happened before this passage?

What happens afterward?

What question is this passage actually answering?

Don't read a single verse in isolation. Read the whole chapter. Better yet, read the chapters before and after it.

Scripture interprets Scripture.

Historical Context

Long before Mount Sinai...

Abel, Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph all lived before the Torah was given at Sinai.

Yet Scripture describes them as obeying God.

Genesis 26:5 even says Abraham obeyed God's commandments, statutes, and laws.

That should make us ask an important question...

What was Abraham obeying if Sinai hadn't happened yet?

Literary Context

When the Bible uses the word Torah, it isn't talking about "earning salvation."

Throughout Scripture, Torah is connected with:

Wisdom

Life

Covenant

Blessing

Love

Instruction

Understanding how Scripture itself uses the word helps us avoid importing modern assumptions into the text.

Open Your Bible

What does the Hebrew word Torah actually mean?

Why did David delight in God's law?

Why would Psalm 119 describe it as joy?

Why did Yeshua quote Torah so often?

Why does John connect love with obedience?

Continue Your Study